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2 Sheets-Sheet 14 G. W. LARA'WAY.

` Manufacture of Articles from Paper Pulp.

10.243.671 Patented :une 28,1881.

N. PETERS, Phabunmgnpvm. wnmingwn DA1 2 ShBets-Sheetl 2.

G. W. LARAWAY. Mgnufaotu're of Articles from Paper Pulp.

Paten-tedlune.28,188l.

UNITED STATES- VPATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. ALARAW'AY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN PAPER BARREL COMPANY.

MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM PAPER-PULP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,677, dated June 28, 1881.

Application led July 2, 1877.

.To all whom it may concern: y

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. LARAWAY,

ot1 Hartford, in the county' of Hartford andA State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements pertaining to Manufacture of Articles from Paper-Pulp, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where- Figure l isa side elevation of a machine for making a barrel-head in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 shows a vertical central section of the same. Fig. Sis a plan or top view from just above the ring-plate, aterm hereinafter I5 explained. Fig. 4 is a side view of a part of the face of one ofthe side compressors, showin g the finely-perforated plate which forms such face. Fig. 5 is a similar view of a part ot' a side compressor, but with the finely-perforated 2o plate shown in Fig. 4 removed, exposing vthe longitudinal and transverse grooving behind it, also the holes bored through the body of the side compressor. Fig. 6 is a central sectional view of a part of a barrel, showing the shape ot' the head made by the machine and its mode of tting into the barrel-body; l

The machine shown in the accompanying drawings is designed for making, all intone piece, a barrel-head of the specific shape-that 3o is, the head proper, with a rim-ilange thereon substantially at right angles to the head proper-direct from free pulp or pulpy matter made from animal or vegetable ber, or both combined, or from other material that can be reduced to a pulp or pulpy condition; but some of the principles of construction and operation and process are equally applicable to machinery and process ot' producing barrel-bodies, pails', and other articles. n

`The letter a denotes the base-plate ot' the machine; the letter b standard-rods ruiming to the top plate, c. The rods b are also supports for the bearing-blocks d of the screwshaft. On this screw-shaft are hung the nuts f, jointed to toggle-arms g, one set whereof extend to the top plate, and the other set whereof extend to the ring-plate h, from which togglearms iextend to the plates j, which I will term side compressors.77

' It is obvious that rotating the screw-shaft e 5o fin one directioncauses the nuts f to approach "each other, the ring-plate h to descend, and v'the side compressors j to advance radially toward a common center. This is the movement had when ahead is being compressed.

I It is equally obvious that rotating the screwylarly-acting nuts, n, with toggle-arms 0, availing to raise and depress the end presser, p, which compresses the head proper. 7o

It is a valuable fea-ture of this invention that the side compressors and the end or top presser both advance and do their work simultaneously, thereby avoiding compressing a part of the stock at one time and another part at another. time.

Theripg-plate h has guides i" running on the rods b. The top presser is hung Within the mold-closer s, which has vertical movement, depending by rods t running through the top 8o plate, to a uniting-block, u. The mold-closer is raisedk andlowered by means'of the lever c Vor its equivalent'. "This mold-closer, which is also a guide for the top presser, is lowered in order to close the mold and raised to open it. 8 5 When lowered it shuts into a corresponding sock-et made in the socket-plate w, which is supported on the plate m by studs wfintermediate between the toggle-arms t, and, when the pulp is first let into the matrix, forms a 9o part of the matrix.

The under and-relative to its position in the mold-inner side of the barrel-head is formed upon the forming-disk y, which, When ahead has been formed and the mold opened, can be raised, by means ot rod z and lever a', so that the head can be readily taken from the mold. The pulp or pulpy matter finds access from an overhead tank, or under other forcingpressure, to the chamber b', through the pipe c', which has or may have a proper supplygate. It is admitted to the matrix of the mold, when the mold is otherwise closed, through the annular gate d,having vertical movement given through the medium of rods e and lever f. This annular gate is opened by lowering it into recess g expressly provided for it, and is closed by raising it so that its upper face is ush with plate m. This annular gate serves another and more important purpose than the mere admission of pulp to the matrix of the mold. It is located close to the article to be formed, at its foot or base, and extends entirely around it. After an article has been formed in the mold (the supply-gate in the supply-pipe having been shut) this annular gate is dropped or opened into the chamber beneath. This leaves no support for water, which would otherwise collect around the base of the formed article and by capillary attraction be absorbed into the article, and so injure it, particularly the lower end. After this gate is thus dropped the matrix of the mold is opened and the article removed.

The chamber It', which contains the disk y and annular gate d', may well be a casting and rest by bosses 'i' on the supports j rising from the inside of chamber b, which are not only such supports, but are-tubes to inclose the rods which run to the annular gate.

The side compressors and interspace compressors are faced on the inner side with a plate full of minute holes. Back of this plate i the side compressor is grooved longitudinally and transversely and also bored through and through with larger holes. This allows of the escape of the water forced out of the pulp, but

top presser and all the parts which form the walls of the matrix have the same or similar perforations to permit the escape of water. The water which falls down through the disk y falls into the chamber h and escapes through i the pipe k', which not only serves this purpose, but forms a guide and holder for the rod z.

This machine is operated and used as fol-i l lows: The side compressors are retracted, the

top presser lifted, the mold-closer is thrown down to close the mold, the annular gate is opened, and the matrix iilled with pulp. c The annular gate is then closed and power applied to the screw-shaft till the side compressors and top presser have advanced to the proper point, which compresses the free pulp to the desired shape and expresses the water. The

tains new features of construction, which are applicable, with certain changes in shape, to machines for producing pails and packages and articles of various sorts, among which I mcntion, tirst, the idea or principle of perforated movable walls which will compress the pulp and express the water; second, the combination ot 'the side compressors with the interspace compressors; third, the mold so constructed that the sides and one end of a hollow article can be formed and compressed at once. This idea is applicable to the production of pails, boxes, kegs, or barrels with one end, and a great variety of articles ofthe same class.

lt will be observed that the shape of the barrel-head formed has peculiar advantages in the matter of the ange on the rim. The common our-barrel needs a hoop just above the head and within the chine. I avoid the necessity for this separate hoop by making the liange on the rim.

In forming articles other than round ones the annular gate can be ,changed in shape to adapt it to the desired shape of articles.

Although I have described various features of invention herein, none except those embraced in the following clauses of claim form the subject-matter of these present Letters Patent, all others having been reserved for another division ofthe application upon which this present patent issues.

I claim as my inventionl. In an apparatus for forming and compressing pulp, acontinuous series of perforated external side compressors, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In an apparatus for forming and compressing pulp, acontinuous series of perforated external side compressors having their inner surfaces coated with a iinely-perforated moldface, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In an apparatus for forming and compressing pulp, a continuous series of external side compressors having their inner surfaces grooved and covered with a finely-perforated mold-face, substantially as and i'or the purposes set forth. v

GEORGE W. LARAVVAY.

Vitnesses:

WM. E. SrMoNDs,

RoB'r. F. GAYLORD.

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IOS

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